Extinct Animals 3

Wooly Rhinoceros, Coelodonta

The Wooly Rhinoceros lived in the tundra of Europe and Asia as recently as 10,000 years ago.  It ate grasses and other plants, was 11 feet long, weighed 2400 lbs, and was hunted by humans.

  Moeritherium

Moeritherium lived in North Africa about 50 million years ago in the Miocene.  They stood little more than two feet tall and likely ate water plants in ponds similarly to hippopotamuses.

 

Palaeomastodon

Palaeomastodons stood little more than 6 feet tall and lived from around 30 to 34 million years ago.

 Trilophodon Four tusked Mastodon 

The Trilophodon stood over 8 feet tall and lived in Africa, Europe, Asia and North America from the Miocene (26 million years ago) to the Pleistocene epoch (2 million years ago).

 Tetrabelodon

Tetrabelodon lived in North Africa, Europe and Asia during the Miocene (24 million to 5 million years ago) and the early Pliocene (5 million to 1.8 million years ago).  Tetrabelodons had four tusks and one species stood more than 15 feet tall.

Dinotherium

The Dinotherium lived in Europe, Africa and Asia from around 20 million years ago to around just a few million years ago in the Miocene and the Pliocene periods.

Long Jawed Mastodon

Long Jawed Mastodons stood about 4 1/2 ft high, had four tusks and lived in the Oligocene epoch (from about 33.7 to 23.8 million years ago), part of the Tertiary Period in the Cenozoic Era.

During the Oligocene epoch, the first Mastodons lived  in Africa and their larger descendants spread over Asia, Europe and finally to Northern America about 15 million years ago in the Miocene (23.8 to 5.3 million years ago.)   The last Long-jawed Mastodons lived in North America and became extinct near the end of the Pleistocene (1.8 million to 11,000 years ago).

Mastodon

American Mastodons lived about 15 million years ago and became extinct about 6,000 years ago.  They stood about 10 feet tall, ate grass, leaves and water plants of the lowlands and swamps which they roamed. 

 Southern Mammoth Mammuthus meridionalis

The Southern Mammoth lived in Europe and Asia in the late Pliocene from about 2.5 to 3 million years ago and migrated to North America in the early Pleistocene around 1.8 million years ago.  It stood about 14 ft at the shoulder.

 Hairy Mammoth

The Hairy Mammoth stood about 12 feet tall, lived in Europe and Asia during the Pleistociene and became extinct as recently as from 5,000 to 10,000 years ago.  Mammoths were hunted during the stone age and Cro-Magnon people painted Mammoth images on cave walls.

 

7 Phenomenal Animals

1. Mike, the Headless Chicken: Lived for 18 months with its head cut off
Mike the Headless Chicken (April 1945 – March 1947) was a Wyandotte rooster (cockerel) that lived for 18 months after its head had been cut off. Thought by many to be a hoax, the bird was taken by its owner to the University of Utah in Salt Lake City to establish its authenticity. 

On Monday September 10, 1945, farmer Lloyd Olsen of Fruita, Colorado, had his mother-in-law around for supper and was sent out to the yard by his wife to bring back a chicken. Olsen failed to completely decapitate the five-and-a-half month old bird named Mike. The axe missed the jugular vein, leaving one ear and most of the brain stem intact. Once his fame had been established, Mike began a career of touring sideshows in the company of such other creatures as a two-headed calf. He was also photographed for dozens of magazines and papers, featuring in Time and Life magazines. Olsen drew criticism from some for keeping the headless chicken alive. In March 1947, at a motel in Phoenix on a stopover while traveling back home from tour, Mike started choking in the middle of the night. As the Olsens had inadvertently left their feeding and cleaning syringes at the sideshow the day before, they were unable to save Mike.

2. Oscar, the cat: predicted the impending death of terminally ill patients

Oscar was adopted as a kitten from an animal shelter and grew up in the third-floor dementia unit at Steere House Nursing and Rehabilitation Centerin Providence, Rhode Island. The unit treats people with Alzheimer's,Parkinson's disease and other illnesses, most of whom are in the end stage of their illnesses (where death is imminent) and are generally unaware of their surroundings. 

After about six months, the staff noticed that Oscar, just like the doctors and nurses, would make his own rounds. Oscar would sniff and observe patients, then curl up to sleep with certain ones. What surprised the staff was that the patients with whom Oscar would sleep would generally die within two to four hours after Oscar's arrival. One of the first cases involved a patient who had a blood clot in her leg that was ice cold at the time. Oscar wrapped his body around her leg and stayed until the woman died. In another instance, the doctor had made a determination of impending death based on the patient's condition, while Oscar simply walked away, causing the doctor to believe that Oscar's streak (12 at the time) had ended. However, it would be later discovered that the doctor's prognosis was simply 10 hours too early – Oscar later visited the patient, who died two hours later. 

Oscar's accuracy (currently standing at more than 25 reported instances) led the staff to institute a new and unusual protocol – once he is discovered sleeping with a patient, staff will call family members to notify them of the patient's (expected) impending death. 

Most of the time the patient's family has no issue with Oscar being present at the time of death; on those occasions when he is removed from the room at the family's request, he is known to pace back and forth in front of the door and meow in protest. When present, Oscar will stay by the patient until he or she takes their last earthly breath – after which Oscar will sit up, look around, then depart the room so quietly that one barely notices. 

Abilities aside, what makes his "last hour" companionship more puzzling is that Oscar is described by Dr. David Dosa as "not a cat that's friendly to [living] people." One example of this was described in his NEJM article. When an elderly woman with a walker passed him by during his rounds, Oscar "[let] out a gentle hiss, a rattlesnake-like warning that [said] 'leave me alone.'"


3. Tillamook Cheddarm, the dog: world's most successful animal painter

 Tillamook Cheddar is a Jack Russell Terrier from Brooklyn, New York. Widely regarded as the world's preeminent canine artist, she has already had seventeen solo exhibitions in the U.S. and Europe. Tillie is eight years old. 

In July 2005 the artist gave birth to six healthy puppies. One of her sons, Doc Chinook Strongheart Cheddar, continues to live with her. Thus far, Doc has not followed his mother in her artistic forays. Her first official biography, Portrait of the Dog as a Young Artist by F. Bowman Hastie III, is published by Sasquatch Books (2006). 

The artist's primary process is a dynamic color transfer technique. In preparation for each of Tillie's works, her assistants assemble a touch-sensitive recording device by affixing pigment-coated vellum to a sheet of lithograph paper backed by mat board. The artist takes the prepared "canvas" in her mouth and brings it to her workspace. Working on the outside surface, she applies pressure with teeth and claws in a methodic ritual marked by dramatic shifts in tempo and intensity. The resultant sharp and sweeping intersecting lines complement the artist's delicate paw prints and subtle tongue impressions, composing an expressionistic image that is revealed on the paper beneath when she is finished. She works with shocking intensity, sometimes to the point of destroying her creations.

4. Alex, the parrot: could count to six, identify colors and even express frustration

Alex (1976 - September 6, 2007) was an African Grey Parrot and the subject of a thirty-year (1977-2007) experiment by animal psychologist Irene Pepperberg, initially at the University of Arizona and later at Harvard and Brandeis University. Pepperberg bought Alex in a regular pet shop when he was about one year old. The name Alex is actually an acronym for Avian Learning EXperiment. 

Before Pepperberg's work with Alex, it was widely believed in the scientific community that birds were not intelligent and could only use words by mimicking, but Alex's accomplishments indicated that birds may be able to reason on a basic level and use words creatively. Pepperberg wrote that Alex's intelligence was on a par with that of dolphins and great apes. She also reported that Alex had the intelligence of a five-year-old human and had not reached his full potential by the time he died. She said that the bird had the emotional level of a human two-year-old at the time of his death. 

Alex's death came as a complete surprise; the average life span for African grey parrots is fifty years. He had appeared healthy the day before, and was found dead in the morning. According to a press release issued by the Alex Foundation, "Alex was found to be in good health at his most recent annual physical about two weeks [before his death]. According to the vet who conducted the necropsy, there was no obvious cause of death." According to Pepperberg, Alex's loss will not halt the research but will be a large setback. The lab has two other birds, but their skills do not approach Alex's. 

On October 4, 2007 The Alex Foundation posted the Pathology results: "Alex died quickly. He had a sudden, unexpected catastrophic event associated with arterosclerosis ("hardening of the arteries"). It was either a fatal arrhythmia, heart attack or stroke, which caused him to die suddenly with no suffering. There was no way to predict his demise. All of his tests, including his cholesterol level and asper levels, came back normal earlier that week. His death could not be connected to his current diet or his age; our veterinarian said that she has seen similar events in young (<10 year old) birds on healthy diets. Most likely, genetics or the same kind of low-level (impossible to detect in birds as yet) inflammatory disease that is related to heart disease in humans was responsible."

5. Washoe, the chimpanzee: knew sign language

 Washoe (around September of 1965 - October 30, 2007) was a chimpanzee who was the first non-human to learn American Sign Language. She also passed on her knowledge to three other chimpanzees, Loulis, Tatu and Dar. As part of a research experiment on animal language acquisition, Washoe developed a modest ability to communicate with humans using ASL. She was named for Washoe County, Nevada, where she was raised and taught to use ASL. Washoe had lived at Central Washington University since 1980; on October 31, 2007, officials from the Chimpanzee and HumanCommunication Institute on the CWU campus announced that she had died the previous day.

6. Oliver, the "Humanzee": a human-chimp hybrid

 Oliver was acquired as a young animal (around 2 years old) in the early 1970s by trainers Frank and Janet Berger. Supposedly, the chimpanzee had been caught in the Democratic Republic of Congo (then Zaire). Some physical and behavioral evidence led the Bergers to believe Oliver was a creature other than a chimpanzee, perhaps a human-chimp hybrid: Oliver possesses a flatter face than his fellow chimpanzees (as his front teeth were removed young, he did not develop an exaggerated prognathus jaw); Oliver was habitually bipedal (before being struck with arthritis), never walking on his knuckles like his chimpanzee peers; and Oliver may have preferred human females over chimpanzee females. During a recent Discovery Channel special, Janet Berger herself claimed that Oliver was becoming attracted to her when he reached the age of 16. He mounted her and tried to mate with her. After he tried it several times it became apparent that Oliver was a threat to Janet, and had to be sold. Still, Oliver was not the clownish performer his chimp peers were, and other chimps avoided him. Some people claim he did not possess a typical odor common to chimpanzees.

7. Cacareco, the Rhino: won Sao Paulo's council elections with 100,000 votes

 Cacareco, a rhinoceros at the São Paulo zoo, was a candidate for the 1958 city council elections with the intention of protesting against political corruption. Electoral officials, of course, did not accept Cacareco's candidacy, but he eventually won 100,000 votes, more than any other party in that same election (which was also marked by rampant absenteeism).

The Beautiful Island

Raja Ampat

Kepulauan Raja Ampat berada di provinsi Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Di kepulauan ini anda bisa melihat pemandangan laut yang masih biru jernih dan indah, kebersihan disini pun masih terjaga. Transportasi menuju ke Raja Ampat terbilang mahal. Anda harus menaiki pesawat ke kota Sorong lalu bisa langsung menuju ke pelabuhan. Dari pelabuhan kita langsung menuju Ibu Kota Raja Ampat melalui perjalanan laut. Di Waisai, Pulau Waigeo, ibu kota Raja Ampat, anda dapat menemukan beberapa hotel/resor yang bisa anda tempati. 

Terdapat banyak macam hewan dan tumbuhan laut di Raja Ampat. Bahkan bisa dibilang 75% tumbuhan laut di dunia berada di Raja Ampat. Anda bisa diving dan surfing untuk melihat keindahan laut Raja Ampat.

Fiji

Mungkin belum banyak yang mengetahui tentang Pulau Fiji ini. Pulau Fiji Melenesia,Oceania(Kepulauan Pasifik). Pulau ini masih sangat jarang di ketahui orang luas karena lokasinya yang sangat terpencil. Di pulau ini anda bisa merasakan ketenangan dengan hampir tidak adanya polusi. Keindahan pulau ini pun tak terkalahkan, laut yang masih biru dan sangat bersih memanjakan mata kita. Transportasi kesini pun terbilang sangat susah dan mahal. Anda harus merogoh kocek dari puluhan sampai ratusan juta. Tempat ini cocok bagi orang yang ingin berlibur dengan merasakan ketenangan tanpa adanya yang mengganggu. 

 Boracay

 Pulau Boracay terletak sejauh 315 km dari Manila, Filipina. Pantai Boracay telah menerima banyak penghargaan dari banyak majalah travel akan keindahan panoramanya hingga industri perhotelannya yang berkonsep alami. Pada tahun 1990, Boracay dipilih sebagai salah satu pantai terbaik di dunia oleh BMW Tropical Beach Handbook. Pulau ini juga dipilih oleh TV Quick sebagai pantai tropis terbaik di dunia pada tahun 1996. Pulau Boracay termasuk pulau yang paling sering dikunjungi di Asia setelah Pulau Bali. 

Great Barrier Reef Islands

Great Barrier Reef adalah sistem terumbu karang terbesar di dunia terumbu. Terdiri dari lebih dari 2.900 terumbu individu dan 900 pulau yang membentang selama lebih dari 2.600 kilometer (1.600 mil) di atas lahan seluas sekitar 344.400 kilometer persegi. Pulai ini terletak di Laut Koral, lepas pantai Queensland di laut timur Australia. Salah satu kekayaan alam Australia yang menyajikan pemandangan bawah laut terbesar di dunia. Disini juga mendukung keanekaragaman kehidupan, termasuk yang hampir punah, beberapa diantaranya mungkin lebih menonjol ke sistem terumbu karang.

Extinct Animals Part 2

         A lot of animals in ancient animal who could not we see today. Here, I will tell some of the animals are already extinct and the information. 

Turanian Tiger, Caspian Tiger

Caspian Tigers lived in China, Tajikistan, Iran, Afghanistan and Turkey.  They were hunted for their furs and to protect livestock.  A ban on hunting the Caspian Tiger in the USSR in 1947 followed their greatest destruction in the 1930s.  The last Caspian Tiger reported shot was in 1957.

Steller's Sea Cow

Steller's Sea Cow was discovered in the Aleutian Islands by George Steller while exploring with Vitus Bering in 1741. They grew as large as 35 feet long and weighed up to three-and-a-half tons.    Sailors ate their meat and used their leather.  They were easily killed and vanished from their only home within 30 years after Steller's discovery.

Spectacled Cormorant, Pallas' Cormorant

Also discovered in the Aleutian Islands by George Steller while exploring with Vitus Bering in 1741.  The Spectacled Cormorant was extinct within about a century.

Dodo, Roland Savery

In 1505, Portuguese explorers discovered the island of Mauritius and the 50 lb flightless Dodos which supplemented their food stores.  Imported pigs, monkeys and rats fed on the Dodo's eggs in their ground nests.  The last Dodo was killed in 1681.

Irish Deer

Herds of the Giant Irish Deer lived in Europe and Ireland during the late Pleistocene until about 10,000 or 11,000 years ago.  It stood six feet high at its shoulders, the size of Moose, and its broad antlers spanned ten feet.

Cave Bear

The Cave Bear lived in Europe during the Pleistocene (1.8 million years ago to 11,000 years ago) from 500,000 years ago until 10,000 years ago.  Their remains have been found in caves where they lived and early humans left their drawings on cave walls.  When upright, they stood 12 feet tall.

Saber Tooth Tiger

Saber tooth tigers lived in Europe and North America.  They were fast runners for short distances and probably ambushed their prey in packs.  The Hoplophoneus species lived 20 million years ago.  The Smilodon species lived during the Pleistocene from 1.6 million years ago to 10,000 years ago when it became extinct. 

Cave Lion

Cave Lions were the largest cat that ever lived, larger than modern day lions, almost 5 feet tall at the shoulder. Paintings of  have been found in caves of Europe and Asia, and even an ivory sculpture.  Some migrated to North America 100,000 years ago.  They became extinct around 10,000 years ago.